近年来，受生物神经系统结构和功能的启发，神经形态计算引起广泛兴趣。忆阻器可以通过其电荷或磁通量调节电导，与人脑突触作用机制相似，是神经形态计算最有前途的候选器件之一。提出一种基于飞秒激光加工氧化石墨烯基忆阻器的方法，通过调整器件两端扫描电压，实现了极性可控的电阻开关：低电压下，器件表现出单极性电阻开关特性，在150个循环扫描中呈现高度稳定性，且功耗仅有0.75 nW；高电压下，器件呈现双极性开关特性。伴随测试次数的增加，器件整体电导逐步增加，同时分别讨论了两种电压下器件的开关机制。

The complete description of a continuous-wave light field includes its four fundamental properties: wavelength, polarization, phase and amplitude. However, the simultaneous measurement of a multi-dimensional light field of such four degrees of freedom is challenging in conventional optical systems requiring a cascade of dispersive and polarization elements. In this work, we demonstrate a disordered-photonics-assisted intelligent four-dimensional light field sensor. This is achieved by discovering that the speckle patterns, generated from light scattering in a disordered medium, are intrinsically sensitive to a high-dimension light field given their high structural degrees of freedom. Further, the multi-task-learning deep neural network is leveraged to process the single-shot light-field-encoded speckle images free from any prior knowledge of the complex disordered structures and realizes the high-accuracy recognition of full-Stokes vector, multiple orbital angular momentum (OAM), wavelength and power. The proof-of-concept study shows that the states space of four-dimensional light field spanning as high as 1680=4 (multiple-OAM) $$\times$$ 2 (OAM power spectra) $$\times$$ 15 (multiple-wavelength) $$\times$$ 14 (polarizations) can be well recognized with high accuracy in the chip-integrated sensor. Our work provides a novel paradigm for the design of optical sensors for high-dimension light fields, which can be widely applied in optical communication, holography, and imaging.

The rapid development of neuromorphic computing has stimulated extensive research interest in artificial synapses. Optoelectronic artificial synapses using laser beams as stimulus signals have the advantages of broadband, fast response, and low crosstalk. However, the optoelectronic synapses usually exhibit short memory duration due to the low lifetime of the photo-generated carriers. It greatly limits the mimicking of human perceptual learning, which is a common phenomenon in sensory interactions with the environment and practices of specific sensory tasks. Herein, a heterostructure optoelectronic synapse based on graphene nanowalls and CsPbBr3 quantum dots was fabricated. The graphene/CsPbBr3 heterojunction and the natural middle energy band in graphene nanowalls extend the carrier lifetime. Therefore, a long half-life period of photocurrent decay - 35.59 s has been achieved. Moreover, the long-term optoelectronic response can be controlled by the adjustment of numbers, powers, wavelengths, and frequencies of the laser pulses. Next, an artificial neural network consisting of a 28 × 28 synaptic array was established. It can be used to mimic a typical characteristic of human perceptual learning that the ability of sensory systems is enhanced through a learning experience. The learning behavior of image recognition can be tuned based on the photocurrent response control. The accuracy of image recognition keeps above 80% even under a low-frequency learning process. We also verify that less time is required to regain the lost sensory ability that has been previously learned. This approach paves the way toward high-performance intelligent devices with controllable learning of visual perception.

The MINimal emission FLUXes (MINFLUX) technique in optical microscopy, widely recognized as the next innovative fluorescence microscopy method, claims a spatial resolution of 1–3nm in both dead and living cells. To make use of the full resolution of the MINFLUX microscope, it is important to select appropriate fluorescence probes and labeling strategies, especially in living-cell imaging. This paper mainly focuses on recent applications and developments of fluorescence probes and the relevant labeling strategy for MINFLUX microscopy. Moreover, we discuss the deficiencies that need to be addressed in the future and a plan for the possible progression of MINFLUX to help investigators who have been involved in or are just starting in the field of super-resolution imaging microscopy with theoretical support.The MINimal emission FLUXes (MINFLUX) technique in optical microscopy, widely recognized as the next innovative fluorescence microscopy method, claims a spatial resolution of 1–3nm in both dead and living cells. To make use of the full resolution of the MINFLUX microscope, it is important to select appropriate fluorescence probes and labeling strategies, especially in living-cell imaging. This paper mainly focuses on recent applications and developments of fluorescence probes and the relevant labeling strategy for MINFLUX microscopy. Moreover, we discuss the deficiencies that need to be addressed in the future and a plan for the possible progression of MINFLUX to help investigators who have been involved in or are just starting in the field of super-resolution imaging microscopy with theoretical support.

The fabrication of high-resolution laser-scribed graphene devices is crucial to achieving large surface areas and thus performance breakthroughs. However, since the investigation mainly focuses on the laser-induced reduction of graphene oxide, the single-beam scribing provides a tremendous challenge to realizing subdiffraction features of graphene patterns. Here, we present an innovative 2-beam laser scribing pathway for the fabrication of subdiffraction graphene patterns. First, an oxidation reaction of highly reduced graphene oxide can be controllably driven by irradiation of a 532-nm femtosecond laser beam. Based on the oxidation mechanism, a 2-beam laser scribing was performed on graphene oxide thin films, in which a doughnut-shaped 375-nm beam reduces graphene oxide and a spherical 532-nm ultrafast beam induces the oxidation of laser-reduced graphene oxide. The spherical beam turns the highly reduced graphene oxide (reduced by the doughnut-shaped beam) to an oxidized state, splitting the laser-scribed graphene oxide line into 2 subdiffraction featured segments and thus forming a laser-scribed graphene/oxidized laser-scribed graphene/laser-scribed graphene line. Through the adjustment of the oxidation beam power, the minimum linewidth of laser-scribed graphene was measured to be 90 nm. Next, we fabricated patterned supercapacitor electrodes containing parallel laser-scribed graphene lines with subdiffraction widths and spacings. An outstanding gravimetric capacitance of 308 F/g, which is substantially higher than those of reported graphene-based supercapacitors, has been delivered. The results offer a broadly accessible strategy for the fabrication of high-performance graphene-based devices including high-capacity energy storage, high-resolution holograms, high-sensitivity sensors, triboelectric nanogenerators with high power densities, and artificial intelligence devices with high neuron densities.

完美涡旋光束 (POVB) 是径向强度分布和半径均与光束轨道角动量 (OAM) 状态无关的一类涡旋光, 已被应用于光学操控、光通信、激光材料处理等领域。其中, POVB 轨道角动量状态的探测是关键且有挑战的技术。本研究通过并行梯度下降算法, 构建了光学衍射神经网络 (DNN), 实验上实现了轨道角动量阶数在-50～+50 范围内的 POVB 的识别。在此过程中, 衍射转换效率可达 58%。本研究为 POVB 的 OAM 探测提供了新的思路, 在 POVB 的各类应用中均存在潜在应用价值。